In vitro-fertilization

The process by which an egg is fertilized by sperm outside the body in glass is known as in vitro fertilization. In this process ovum or ova (egg or eggs) removed from the woman’s ovaries and letting sperm fertilize them in a liquid in a laboratory. After it fertilized egg or zygote is cultured for 2–6 days in a growth medium and then implanted in the same or another woman’s uterus, with the intention of establishing a successful pregnancy.
We can use this technique in different types of situations like treatment of infertility and in gestational surrogacy. In this, the fertilized egg is implanted into a surrogate’s uterus. The resulting baby is genetically unrelated to the surrogate. Donated eggs or sperms may be used in this. In some countries it is ban due to giving raise to fertility tourism. IVF is mostly attempted only after less expensive options have failed due to the costs of the procedure.
In 1978, Louise Brown, occurred the first successful birth of a “test tube baby”. This was born as a result of natural cycle.
Steps of IVF
1. Egg retrieval
2. Egg and sperm preparation
3. Co-incubation
4. Embryo culture
5. Embryo selection
6. Embryo transfer